Diabetes and Risk of Blindness

High blood sugar levels continuously for many years can cause complications such asdiabetic retinopathy or blindness, stroke and heart disease. One of them in the eye is called diabetic retinopathy which is a major cause of blindness in diabetics. Retinopathy refers to non-inflammatory damage to theretina of the eye, in many cases, because of problems with blood supply.

Research shows, in the U.S. Each year, 11,000 to 26,000 people in the United States lost their eyesight due to diabetes, and only four percent of it can be cured. According to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Diabetics also have a higher risk of other eye problems like cataracts and glaucoma.

The WHO in 2004 reported a 4.8 per cent of people worldwide who become blind due to diabetic retinopathy. In order cause of global blindness, diabetic retinopathy is ranked 4th after cataract, glaucoma, and macular degeneration (AMD = age-related macular degeneration). The main risk factor for developing diabetic retinopathy is the duration of diabetes. Among patients with type-1 diabetes in the study WESDR, 8% develop all forms of diabetic retinopathy in three years after being diagnosed with diabetes, 25% at 5 years and 80% in 15 years. On average, need 15 years to stage blindness if not treated. When very heavy damage to the retina, a blind diabetic can become permanent even if an attempt is made treatment.

Diabetic retinopathy causes changes in blood vessels in the eye. In some cases, new blood vessel growth and abnormal. These new blood vessels are fragile and easily broken, so any time can bleed into the glass that fills the body cavity of the eye. long-term accumulative damage on delicate blood vessels in the retina then becomes obstructed vision or blind. After 15 years of diabetes, approximately two percent of diabetics become blind and about 10 percent will experience poor vision problems.

The main principle in dealing with diabetic retinopathy is controlling blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The good news, they are already experiencing signs of diabetic retinopathy can be helped with laser surgery.

High blood sugar levels continuously over the years can cause complications, especially in the eyes, heart, and kidney. “When you have diabetes, always monitor blood sugar levels and do regular eye examinations. When a problem is found early, the eye can still be prevented,” said Dr.Xinzhi Zhang, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U.S..

It is estimated that the number of diabetics worldwide will increase from 133 million in 2003 to 346 million in 2020. In Asia predicted diabetes will become “epidemic”, due to the Asian people eating a high carbohydrate and fat along with lack of exercise. As a result, blindness due to diabetic retinopathy is also expected to increase dramatically.

The patients with type 2 diabetes are also advised to direct his eyes checked once diagnosed with diabetes because it is difficult to know since when a person has diabetes. So, if you have any problems with blurred vision and  do not buy a new pair of glasses. Why? because actually it is caused by your diabetes develops rapidly and is caused by high blood sugar levels . Periodic eye examinations should be performed every year.

Meanwhile, people who suffer from diabetes type 1 (mostly children and adolescents) may not be immediately checked her eyes but still needs regular check-ups afterwards.

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Cataract and Diabetes

Eye Problems and Diabetes

Cataracts caused by metabolic disorders (cataracts due to diabetes occur due to accumulation of sorbitol in the lens of the eye resulting in turbidity) of cells in the lens, so the lens becomes cloudy and vision becomes impaired because light can not enter into the eye. The lens allows us to see and focus on the image like a camera. About 90% of the material in the lens consists of long stringy proteins laid out like cord wood to allow nearly perfect light transmission. The lens is what allows us to see and focus on an image just like a camera.

Although anyone can get cataracts, people with diabetes get these eye problems at an earlier age than most and the condition progresses more rapidly than in people without diabetes.

Indeed, everyone can get cataracts, but in people with diabetes can get these eye problems at a younger age than others and in developing the condition more quickly than people without diabetes. This can happen because people with diabetes to accelerate the crystallization process is faster lens so diabetisi develop cataracts by age should be.

Cataracts come in a variety of types. The most common type, called a senile cataract, becomes a vision problem almost exclusively in those over the age of 60, although the underlying damage begins decades earlier. Senile cataracts often start as a discoloration of the lens, with loss of vision occurring as this localized structural damage enlarges to form a distinct opacity.

People with cataracts will experience blurred vision, decreased vision acuity, contrast sensitivity is also lost, so the contour, shadow and color vision is less clear because the light scattered by the cataracts to the eye. If you have a cataract with diabetes, your eyes can not adjust the focus of light and vision impaired. Symptoms of diabetic eye problems including blurred vision or eye bulging out.

If these symptoms occur is usually done through a surgical treatment which was followed by placement of a lens implant, with glasses or contact lenses are needed to further correct the vision of sight.

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diabetes glaucoma connection

If you have diabetes, your risk for Glaucoma may be higher. Diabetes and glaucoma are leading causes of blindness. Glaucoma affects 5 million people. The tragedy is that half of the people with glaucoma don’t know it,  220,000 Americans blinded by glaucoma. By the time a person notices any vision loss, 75 percent of the damage has already been done. Anyone, at any age, can develop glaucoma. 

The relationship between diabetes and open-angle glaucoma, has intrigued researchers for years. People with diabetes are twice as likely to develop glaucoma as are non-diabetics, although some current research is beginning to call this into question. Similarly, the likelihood of someone with open-angle glaucoma developing diabetes is higher than that of a person without the eye disease. The leading cause of irreversible blindness, glaucoma often produces no symptoms until it is too late and vision loss has begun.

While everyone is at risk, people of African descent are especially at risk. Glaucoma is the term applied to a group of eye diseases that gradually result in loss of vision by permanently damaging the optic nerve, the nerve that transmits visual images to the brain.

In general, glaucoma is experienced by diabetisi neovascularization glaucoma, the kind that occur because of some other diseases or disorders of the eye. Generally, people with glaucoma neovaskularisaki feel his views to a dark, eye pain and headache, watery eyes, halos around lights, also arise nausea and loss of vision, this occurs when the eye fluid does not flow properly from the buildup of pressure received by eye.

Eye doctor will immediately take action to control the operative glaucoma and reduce pain. It should be noted that pressure damages the nerves and blood vessels in the eye can cause changes in your vision. In its most general, glaucoma may not be accompanied by symptoms that are problematic at all, until the disease is very rapid changes are causing significant vision loss.

In diabetics, this eye treatment can be done with special eye drop sand the commonest is one of the beta-blocker drops such as betaxalol, teoptic (cartelol), or timolol. These drops switch the tap off that makes the fluid. You generally should not use these drops if you get asthma or breathing difficulties, and should use an alternative drop, with the use of lasers, medicine, to surgery. We recommend that people with diabetes to prevent serious eye disease glaucoma is to perform an annual inspection on your eye doctor.

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